The effect of suspended bentonite and kaolinite clay on phosphorus uptake and release by lotic periphyton.

Wolfe, June Elmer, 1961-

The effect of suspended bentonite and kaolinite clay on phosphorus uptake and release by lotic periphyton.

dc.contributor.advisor	Lind, Owen T., 1934-
dc.contributor.author	Wolfe, June Elmer, 1961-
dc.contributor.department	Biology.	en
dc.contributor.other	Baylor University. Dept. of Biology.	en
dc.date.accessioned	2010-02-02T20:12:52Z
dc.date.available	2010-02-02T20:12:52Z
dc.date.copyright	2009
dc.date.issued	2009
dc.description.abstract	Lotic systems act as nutrient buffers to receiving lentic systems. As streams transport allochthonous phosphorus through a watershed, the loads are modified in quantity and quality through biotic and abiotic mechanisms. Lotic systems are frequently dominated by periphyton, the attached benthic community consisting mainly of algae and bacteria. This community exhibits the ability to buffer phosphorus loads to receiving waters through several mechanisms including: biotic uptake, chemical precipitation, and mechanical filtration. Stream sediments, including clays, influence dissolved phosphorus concentrations primarily through equilibrium-driven sorption/desorption reactions. Additionally, suspended clays in aquatic environments are known to: modify food webs, influence species composition, and affect biotic integrity by altering the physical and chemical conditions. Given the influence that suspended clays exert upon aquatic systems, it was hypothesized that suspended clays would modify, either positively or negatively, phosphorus uptake and/or release by lotic periphyton. Experiments were conducted using two clay minerals, dissolved reactive phosphorus, and cultivated periphyton communities. Bentonite and kaolinite were selected to represent two clay types commonly found in aquatic systems. Standardized laboratory procedures were utilized to describe the physical characteristics and phosphorus sorption behavior of the clays. An artificial stream system was designed, tested, and operated to control water conditions necessary to cultivate periphyton communities, support suspend clays, and conduct clay-phosphorus-periphyton interaction studies. Periphyton communities were subjected to different clay and phosphorus concentrations under controlled conditions in artificial streams and laboratory microcosms. Phosphorus uptake rates were unaffected by the presence of clays at several different concentrations in artificial stream settings. Periphyton exposure to heavy clay loads in lotic microcosms, under laboratory conditions, had no effect on the ability of the periphyton to uptake or release phosphorus. The results may be helpful to water resource managers working with water quality issues and researchers interested in basic ecosystem function.	en
dc.description.degree	Ph.D.	en
dc.description.statementofresponsibility	by June Elmer Wolfe III.	en
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dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf
dc.identifier.citation	J. E. Wolfe, III, O. T. Lind, and D. W. Hoffman. "Technical note : a constant-volume artificial stream for reducing variation in aquatic process measurements." Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 52 (2009).	en
dc.identifier.citation	J. E. Wolf, III and O. T. Lind. "Influence of suspended clay on phosphorus uptake by periphyton." Hydrobiologia 610 (2008).	en
dc.identifier.citation	J. E. Wolfe, III and O. T. Lind. "Phosphorus uptake and turnover by periphyton in the presence of suspended clays." Limnology (In Press).	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5541
dc.language.iso	en_US	en
dc.publisher	Springer.	en
dc.publisher	Springer.	en
dc.publisher	American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers.	en
dc.rights	Baylor University theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. Contact librarywebmaster@baylor.edu for inquiries about permission.	en
dc.rights.accessrights	Worldwide access	en
dc.subject	Periphyton.	en
dc.subject	Phosphorus.	en
dc.subject	Clay.	en
dc.title	The effect of suspended bentonite and kaolinite clay on phosphorus uptake and release by lotic periphyton.	en
dc.type	Thesis	en