Effects of ingesting branched chain amino acids and carbohydrate on myostatin signaling and markers of myogenesis in response to a bout of heavy resistance exercise.

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dc.contributor.advisorKreider, Richard B., 1962-
dc.contributor.advisorWilloughby, Darryn Scott, 1963-
dc.contributor.authorLi, Rui, 1972-
dc.contributor.departmentHealth, Human Performance and Recreation.en
dc.contributor.otherBaylor University. Dept. of Health, Human Performance and Recreation.en
dc.date.accessioned2008-10-14T19:34:44Z
dc.date.available2008-10-14T19:34:44Z
dc.date.copyright2008-08
dc.date.issued2008-10-14T19:34:44Z
dc.descriptionIncludes bibliographical references (p. 121-133)en
dc.description.abstractPurpose: To determine if co-ingestion of carbohydrate (CHO) with branchedchain amino acids (BCAA) or leucine (Leu) downregulates the myostatin signaling pathway and upregulates the makers of myogenesis to a extent greater than that which resistance exercise elicits alone; to explore a possible mechanism for a CHO-BCAA or CHO-Leu induced the modification of myostatin pathway and the activation of myogenesis. Methods: 31 males (22.5yrs; 81.1kg) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: CHO-BCAA (maltodextrin 1.5 g/kg/bw, BCAA 120mg/kg/bw), CHO-Leucine (maltodextrin 1.5 g/kg/bw, Leu 60mg/kg/bw) and CHO alone (maltodextrin 1.5 g/kg/bw). A control group ingesting placebo (450 ml Crystal Light®) was employed from the previous study using the same study design in the same lab. Subjects performed 4 sets of leg press and leg extension at 80% 1RM to failure. Supplementation was ingested at 3 time points: 30 minutes prior to RE, and immediately pre- and post-RE. Venous blood was sampled at baseline; 30min later, immediate postexercise, 30min post-exercise; 2hr post-exercise, and 6hr post-exercise for serum glucose, insulin, IGF-1, myostatin, myostatin propeptide, follistatin and FLRG. Muscle biopsies were sampled at baseline, and 30min post, 2hr post, and 6hr post-exercise for myostatin, ActRIIB, p21cip, p27kip, myoD, myf-5, myogenin and MRF-4 mRNA expression. Serum variables were expressed in delta values as percent change and analyzed via a 4 (group) × 6 (time points) repeated measures MANOVA. Muscle variables were analyzed as CT ratio for relative mRNA expression via a 4 (group) × 4 (time points) repeated measures MANOVA. Univariate ANOVAs (Bonferroni adjusted) were conducted as follow-up tests to the MANOVA. Post-hoc tests of the interaction effects demonstrated in the ANOVA were investigated via an independent sample T-test. Results: CHO-BCAA, CHO-Leu and CHO alone significantly increased blood glucose and serum insulin levels combined with resistance exercise. Either CHO-BCAA or CHO-Leu enhanced serum insulin to a greater extent compared with CHO alone, nonetheless no statistically significance indicated. None of the CHO-BCAA, CHO-Leu or CHO alone, compared with placebo, modified serum IGF-1, myostatin and its inhibitors. Regarding muscle samples, a univariate group × time interaction relative to myogenin mRNA expression indicated that the CHO-Leu group was significantly upregulated at the 6hr post time point in comparison with the Placebo group (p < .05). No group × time interactions were observed for the myostain signaling molecules and other myogenic regulatory factors except myogenin. Summary: CHO-Leu supplementation upregulated the myogenin mRNA expression in conjunction with resistance exercise at 6hr post-exercise. Co-ingestion of BCAA or Leu had no effect on the inhibition of myostatin signaling at pre- and post-translational level.en
dc.description.degreePh.D.en
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityby Rui Li.en
dc.format.extentx, 133 p. : ill.en
dc.format.extent160213 bytes
dc.format.extent526846 bytes
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2104/5232
dc.language.isoen_USen
dc.rightsBaylor University theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. Contact librarywebmaster@baylor.edu for inquiries about permission.en
dc.rights.accessrightsBaylor University access onlyen
dc.subjectBranched chain amino acids -- Physiological effect.en
dc.subjectLeucine -- Physiological effect.en
dc.subjectCarbohydrates -- Physiological effect.en
dc.subjectIsometric exercise -- Physiological aspects.en
dc.subjectMyogenesis -- Analysis.en
dc.subjectMuscle proteins -- Analysis.en
dc.titleEffects of ingesting branched chain amino acids and carbohydrate on myostatin signaling and markers of myogenesis in response to a bout of heavy resistance exercise.en
dc.typeThesisen

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